Descartes Influence on Psychology - 926 Words

Running head: DESCARTES INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY Descartes Influence on Psychology DESCARTES INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY Renà © Descartes was a famous French mathematician, scientist, and philosopher throughout the mid 1600’s. He is often regarded as the father of modern philosophy; however, his highly influential ideas have also impacted many other scientific fields, including the world of psychology. Descartes contributions in philosophy and biology have had a significant influence on modern psychology. He introduced new theories about the mind and the body that, while not always correct, undoubtedly changed peoples’ views and sparked a whole new approach to looking at the mind. There is one thing Descartes knew for certain,†¦show more content†¦It can also be argued that these contributions paved the path for modern behavioral psychology and more specifically the concept of stimulus-response. This type of psychology focuses on how people behave. Modern behavioral psychologists test this idea that the brain in responsible for behavior and thinking by manipulating situations and studying reactions. Descartes had a very mechanistic view of the brain. He believed the body works similar to machines as it is material and follows laws of physics. He suggests that mind and body interact at the pineal gland. He predicted that there are tube-like structures inside our bodies that tighten under DESCARTES INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY certain conditions and allow fluid, what we know today as cerebrospinal fluid, to spill through, causing a reaction. While we know today that his predictions were essentially incorrect, his research influenced other to explore the way in which in the mind works. Descartes did a lot of his studies about biology by using animals, just as many researchers in psychology do today. He opened up the possibility of using animals as subjects in comparison to humans by looking at both their anatomy and behavior. Descartes research sparked of a lot of attention. There were people in opposition to Descartes and others who took his ideas further to discover the truth. Much of his work has since been discredited; however, it is because of him that so manyShow MoreRelatedsituation in ethic Essay1383 Words   |  6 Pages The Influences of early psychological though of Physiology and philosophy Cleo Jones History of Psychology Abstract Physiology is a branch of biology that deals with life and living matter according to (Webster Merriam) Physiology is the processes and function of all or part of an organ. According to (Webster) Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind and language.The influences of philosophyRead MorePhilosophers and Scientist of Modern Psychology1454 Words   |  6 PagesModern Psychology Philosophers and Scientist of Modern Psychology History of Psychology While the philosophical distinction between mind and body can be traced back to the Greeks, it is due to the works of one great Philosopher that till this very day this is still in existence. Rene Descartes was the first to ever talk about the interactions of the mind and body, which later on in psychological history caught the attention of others who came after him such as James and Wundt. Descartes statedRead More Rene Descartes Essay1271 Words   |  6 PagesI think, therefore I am Rene Descartes was a man obsessed with finding things out for himself, an intellectual who contributed to the field of psychology. Born in the 16th century, Descartes grew up in a society where ideas, thoughts and perceptions were not questioned but were supposed to be understood and supported. While growing up and through his studies, Descartes began to make strides in the fields of philosophy, mathematics and science. Descartes was a man who challenged accepted ideasRead MoreRene Descartes (1596-1650), A Philosopher Of The 17Th Century,878 Words   |  4 PagesRene Descartes (1596-1650), a philosopher of the 17th century, was notorious for several traits such as a squint fetish, gambling, keeping his address private, and arguably most importantly, his understanding of the mind-body interaction. Descartes found life to be too distracting and began to obtain a reputation of a wanderer, requiring â€Å"peace and quiet†(30) for his studies. Descartes’s perception of the mind-body interaction was far from conventional; however, became accepted by many scientistsRead MoreBiological Psychology839 Words   |  4 PagesBiological Psychology Melissa Thompson University of Phoenix Biological Psychology When most hear the words biological/psychology, many tend to have trouble rapping their mind around it. Psychology is the study of behavior, so how does biology fit into this equation? Well we have to assume that our brain has influence or somehow effects are behavior. In order to prove or disprove this theory, we have to research the biology and psychology of both the brain and our behavior. So how doRead MoreCompare and contrast the significance for psychology of Descartes and Kant1568 Words   |  7 Pagescontrast the significance for psychology of Descartes and Kant Descartes and Kant, both of them are famous philosophers and they are well known for their contributions to philosophy. At the same time, they have great influence on the development of psychology. I am going to compare their significance of psychology. By observing some mechanical things, Descartes had an idea that human and animal work like automata. (Klein, 1970) This idea became a basic concept of Descartes’ theories of the brain andRead MoreImpact Of Descartes In Psychology715 Words   |  3 Pages Descartes Contribution to Psychology The development of modern psychology had many important contributions. Descartes played a vital role in this development. He attempted to resolve the mind-body controversy that had been around for centuries. The controversy had argued about how the mind (spirt or soul) is distinguished from the body and all other physical qualities (cite). Before Descartes however, the accepted theory was described as the interaction between the two flow together in oneRead MoreRene Descartes: The Personalist vs. the Naturalist Viewpoint1203 Words   |  5 Pagesin our minds we want to repeat those things that went well and avoid the things that did not. So many things are locked in our minds and psychology is our way of unlocking those thoughts and processes from the mind. What makes us who we are is history; it also makes society what it is. Because we have an understanding of our history it will always influence the present. The general cultural, social, economic, ethnical, spiritual, political, and intellectual climate within a group of people,Read MoreHistory of Modern Psychology836 Words   |  4 PagesA History of Modern Psychology Franklyn Rivas UOPX History and Systems in Psychology 310 Lillian Fillpot May 03, 2011 A History of Modern Psychology Before psychology officially became a science, many great intellectuals of previous centuries had contributed to the philosophy behind psychology. This philosophy can be trace back to the times of the Greeks, middle ages, and the renaissance period. However, the link between philosophy and modern psychology became possible in the late 18thRead MoreModern Psychology : The Scientific Study Of Mind And Behaviour1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe following essay will focus on the emergence of modern psychology, presently understood to be the â€Å"scientific study of mind and behaviour†. Philosophy and experimental physiology have been influential in creating a favourable zeitgeist that ultimately allowed for the transformation of an ancient discipline into the scientific study of the mind. It was 1879 before psychology officially became a science. Previously philosophers endeavoured to understand human nature and the links between the

Understanding The Reading Strategy Of Cause And Effect

Introduction Cause and effect isn’t just a writing strategy nevertheless it is a strategy for life. Everything in the world has a cause and effect, such as if you put your hand in a fire you are liable to get burned. Throughout your whole life this structure will apply when you’re in school, work and even in your personal. With school if you don’t study for a test 75% of the time you might even fail. With work if you don’t do your job correctly there will be repercussions. While in life well there are multiply causes and numerous effects it just depend if the wind blows in your favor. Trust me, I’ve had my share of outcomes, but now with this better understanding of the reading strategy of Cause Effect. I can say that the expression†¦show more content†¦Judging author’s credibility. The author establish her credibility by evaluating many sources and also being very knowledge able on the subject of cybersecurity and government affairs. Also the author cited all the sources she used with in the article to support his point. The author is a lecturer on strategic security management and political affairs, also has various degrees on foreign policies and computer security. Evaluating the logic of an argument. In the passage the author discusses, how causally browsing the internet can potentially become an invasion of privacy but also a danger to national security. In the passage the author does mention some feasible facts regarding the issue. We all use the internet at our own risk, no one said that it was safe, and with all the â€Å"black hat† hackers on the internet. Everything from just checking your email to playing an online game nothing and no one is safe. The author, mentions in the passage that â€Å"cyberspace† as portrayed in the media that there are good guys and bad guys. In which he is right, the author evaluates the potential the internet has but discusses the uncharted unknown to which many others have claimed. The facts that he has presented is relatable and believable to the subject at hand. Reflecting on challenges to beliefs and values. Throughout the article I was troubled that the author believed that homeland security wouldShow MoreRelatedEnglish Language Learners Methodology Comparison Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesfor the study (McLeod, 2008). The article â€Å"Effects of the Helping Early Literacy with Practice Strategies (HELPS) reading fluency program with Latino English Language Learners: A preliminary Evaluation† (Begeny, Ross, Greene, Mitchell, Whitehouse, 2012) and the article â€Å"Mainstream first-grade teachers’ understanding of strategies for accommodating the needs of English language learners† (Hite Evans, 2006) both focus on ELLs instructional strategies but utilize different research methods. DiscussionRead MoreDeveloping Instructional Practices For Students With Specific Learning Disabilities Case Study1280 Words   |  6 Pageswith reading, mathematics, and language disabilities in the science and social studies content areas throughout elementary school include concept maps, self-questioning strategy, SQ3R strategy, problem-solving strategy, modified reciprocal teaching strategy and K–W–L strategy. Concept maps are forms of graphic organizers that are utilized in the illustration of relationships between models like the depiction of how two concepts are related, characteristics of a phenomenon or a cause and effect connectionRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play City Cousin, Country Cousin Essay950 Words   |  4 PagesSchool in Mrs. Munro’s fifth grade class. I did my shared reading lesson on the play â€Å"City Cousin, Country Cousin,† by Clarke Foley. I worked with three students in a learning center to complete this shared reading lesson on fluency and comprehension. Oral Language is foundation for students to learn a language and practice it successfully. One of the standards for teaching oral language is LAFS.5.L.3.5, which demonstrates understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances inRead MoreThe Link Between English Reading And Mathematics1686 Words   |  7 Pagesany link between English reading (Arts) and Mathematics skills (Science) seems to have been at best a tenuous one. The issue brought into the public domain by C P Snow (Rede Lecture 1959) where he claimed: ‘The two cultures (Arts and Science) stare at each other with mutual hostility and dislike†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ If this state of affairs was reflected in educational establishments of that time the likelihood of any meaning full cooperation between those engaging in the teaching of reading comprehension and mathematicsRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading Skills1683 Words   |  7 Pageslearning English is reading skills. By having a good skill in reading, th e students can gain information and expand their knowledge. Reading is not only the skills that support success in schools but also the skills that need to be owned by every individual in the life of society, both during the study and after completing the study. For example, reading skill is need to do well in school and to pass the exam during the study. Meanwhile, after accomplishing the study, reading is needed in societyRead MoreLiterature Review - Reading1659 Words   |  7 Pagesthis chapter various related literature and research pertaining to this research will be presented. It addresses the views and effect of using extensive reading method to improve comprehension and motivates reading. 2. Related Literature Up until now there is still no definite definition for ‘reading’ as Criscuolo (1973) says â€Å"There is no exact definition for reading’. Another view, Alderson and Urguhart (1984) in Fauziah Hassan HBET3203 (2004:3), â€Å"If the ability (to read) involves so manyRead MoreLiteracy, Social Studies, And Science922 Words   |  4 Pagesthe following themes: †¢ The effect literacy has on mathematics, social studies, and science. †¢ Literacy strategies that can be used to teach mathematics, social studies, and science. The effect literacy has on mathematics, social studies, and science. Literacy has a monumental effect on social studies, mathematics, and science because literacy is critical to the teaching and understanding of these concepts (Shanahan and Shanahan, 2014). The use of literacy strategies in mathematics, science, andRead MoreEvaluation Of A Speech Language Pathologist ( Slp )1397 Words   |  6 PagesLastly, it is likely that a child diagnosed with 22q11.2 DS will experience health issues. This may effect their alertness and participation in the classroom due to their fragile health (McDonald et al., 2013). Overall, there is a wide range of academic challenges a child with this syndrome may experience that will require support in the classroom to promote effective learning. A speech-language pathologist (SLP) may face many challenges while working with a student with 22q11.2 DS. These include:Read MoreReflection Paper On Stress1134 Words   |  5 PagesStress is one of the leading causes of depression in the United States. If stress is not handled right away it can become distress. Many things in our daily life cause us to feel stressed such as work, school, or major change that took place in your life. Stress can impact your emotions, attitude, and health. In this paper, I will be addressing how stress has impacted my life, how stress effects the body, the signs of stress, and what strategies we can use to reduce stress in our lives. The stressRead MoreRick Page Is The Author Of The #1 Sales Bestseller â€Å"Hope1724 Words   |  7 PagesRick Page is the author of the #1 Sales Bestseller â€Å"Hope is Not A Strategy†. Page focuses his work on developing the best strategies to win the complex sale in an ever-changing environment. He refers to these strategies as the â€Å"six keys† that are designed for sales professionals to succeed in various selling environments. Page’s book is comprised into four sections with a series of chapters each emphasizing different topics of importance. The first section is entitled the, â€Å"The Challenge—The Complex

Indira Gandhi free essay sample

Indira Gandhi was born November 11, 1917 to the parents Jawaharl and Kamala Nehru. She came from a family of power, as both parents were prime ministers of India, and her mother was a freedom fighter. Although assassinated on October 31, 1984 at the age of 67, before her passing, she won multiple awards and received an extensive education. Her awards include the Bharat Ratha, the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding, and the Lenin Peace Prize. She received education from Somerville College, Visva-Bharati University, Badminton School, and the University of Oxford. This speech she’s giving is being given at a Golden Jubilee Celebrations of the Indraprastha College for Women. Golden Jubilee celebrations are given to mark a 50th year anniversary of something. The intended audience of this speech is everyone who will listen because she’s talking about how women don’t get enough credit for what they can do with what little freedom they have. We will write a custom essay sample on Indira Gandhi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This speech is saying that more women need to be educated so to better improve and educate our world because equality is the essential root of a successful society. Gandhi clarifies the issue of equal rights to gain education as the world turns a cold shoulder on this issue: ‘it should be an intrinsic part of any strategy to address the gender based: ‘Discrimination against women and girls those remain prevalent in many societies. ’ Using anecdote, Gandhi reminds the people that women, even at a young age when they’re still girls, have to remain hidden and cannot be on their own, as if they can’t walk on their own. This can be identified as anecdote because she’s using a story of her childhood to better explain a point she’s trying to make. Using antithesis, she reminds us that â€Å"Even the most rich country in the world has its dark side†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and India can be a huge step in the world if they allowed more women to be educated at this college she’s speaking at. The first use of logos is stating that ‘Western Europe and Japan import 41% of their food needs, whereas India imports just under 2%. ’ Now quite clearly this is logos because logos is logic and facts. Hard numbers. That’s exactly what she’s giving you here.

The relationship between decadence and technology, as explored in Ray Bradburys stories The Veldt and The Rocket

Although, formally speaking, Ray Bradbury’s stories The Veldt and The Rocket belong to the literary genre of sci-fi, they are not as much about exploring the theme of bright technological future as they are about exploring the effects of futuristic technology on one’s consciousness.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between decadence and technology, as explored in Ray Bradbury’s stories The Veldt and The Rocket specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The common thing about both stories is the fact that, in them, author strived to exploit the motif of parental/social alienation, which he thought was going to represent one of the most important aspects of futuristic living. At the same time, even though the plots of The Veldt and The Rocket revolve around the theme of how technology might affect the workings of people’s consciousness, they offer diametrically opposite views, in r egards to the subject matter. Whereas; The Veldt implies a counterproductive essence of such an effect, The Rocket promotes an idea that the utilization of technology does not deprive people of their existential vitality, but on the contrary – endows them with it. In other words; whereas, The Veldt is best referred to as the story of ‘degradation through technology’, The Rocket is most appropriately defined as the story about ‘revival through technology’. In our paper, we will aim to explore this thesis at length. In The Veldt, readers are being exposed to the story of two comparatively well-off but overly decadent parents George and Lydia coming to realization of the fact that their ‘Happylife Home’, which featured visually three-dimensional nursery for kids, was in fact causing more harm to their and kids’ well-being then good: â€Å"The more I see of the mess we’ve put ourselves in, the more it sickens me. We’ve been contemplating our mechanical, electronic navels for too long. My God, how we need a breath of honest air!† (p. 17). As it appears out of story’s context, the reason why George and Lydia were becoming increasingly weary of their house, filled with a variety of different technological gadgets, is that while living there, they felt as if life-force was being gradually sucked out of them – in ‘Happylife Home’, there was nothing for both parents to occupy themselves with. In fact, house’s nursery had even taken over the upbringing of their children Peter and Wendy. This; however, had proven to be only a half of the problem – as time went by, George and Lydia started to realize that their kids were growing progressively alienated from them, on one hand, and becoming increasingly addicted to spending time in the nursery, on another. Slowly but surely, the techno-nursery became a surrogate parent for Peter and Wendy. As it was pointed out by story’s another, psychologist David McClean: â€Å"You’ve let this room and this house replace you and your wife in your children’s affections. This room is their mother and father, far more important in their lives than their real parents† (p. 16).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Despite the fact that The Veldt was written circa 1951, in this sort story Bradbury was able to prove the strength of his prophetic insights beyond any reasonable doubt – after all, what author contemplated upon in this particular story, had now became a part of objective reality. Nowadays, the computer had effectively replaced parents for teenagers in many American families. This, however did not make the lives of parents any easier – as McClean had rightly suggested, it is only the matter of time before kids, addicted to playing with hi-tech gadgets, b ecome mentally inadequate: â€Å"One of the original uses of these nurseries was so that we could study the patterns left on the walls by the child’s mind, study at our leisure, and help the child. In this case, however, the room has become a channel toward-destructive thoughts, instead of a release away from them† (p. 16). Therefore, it makes no surprise that The Veldt ends on a tragic note – after having realized that their parents were serious about shutting down the nursery, Wendy and Peter decided to lure George and Lydia into it, in order for them to be eaten by lions. The morale of this story could be articulated as follows: people who are being deprived of their existential vitality, due to having all of their desires fully satisfied, cannot possibly utilize technology to improve their lives even better – on the contrary, rich but decadent people’s continuous exposal to technology will deprive them of the remains of their liveliness. Nevert heless, as we have pointed out earlier – in The Rocket, Bradbury discussed the effects of technology on people’s consciousness from an entirely new perspective. In it, story’s main character Fiorello Bodoni, who always dreamt of a space travel but was never able to afford it, decides to spend his lifesavings so that at least one member of his extended family would be able to experience the treat of a lifetime – flying to Mars on rocket, just like rich people do. He does it despite his friend Baramante’s advise not to act foolish and to remain content with the fact that there are certain things that poor people will never be able to do: â€Å"No, Bodoni, buy a new wrecking machine, which you need, and pull your dreams apart with it, and smash them to pieces† (p. 178). In other words, even at the story’s very beginning, Bradbury provides readers with the good clue as to the main character’s affiliation with the lowest social stra ta – hence, establishing an entirely new semantic context, within which story’s plot would unravel, as compared to what it was the case with The Veldt.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between decadence and technology, as explored in Ray Bradbury’s stories The Veldt and The Rocket specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unlike the characters of George and Lydia from The Veldt, Bodoni is being represented to readers as someone with the strong desire to help his children to be able to attain social prominence in the future, despite the impossible odds. Ironically enough though, it was namely Bodoni’s realization of a sheer preposterousness of such his intention, which only added to the strength of his resolution to step over the limitations of its own social status – he swore to provide a chance to one of his numerous kids to experience space travel. Nevertheless, it did not take too long for Bodoni to apprehend that if one of the children does fly to Mars, it would make the kid feeling guilty for the rest of his life, on the account that others were denied the same opportunity. In its turn, this caused story’s main character to spend his hard-earned money to buy the mockup of a rocket, to put it in his backyard, and to install 3D TV screens in place of illuminators, so that all of his kids would be able to ‘travel’ to space and back, without knowing that this ‘travel’ was an illusion: â€Å"Let all of space come and go, and red Mars come up under our ship, and the moons of Mars, and let there be no flaws in the color film. Let there be three dimensions; let nothing go wrong with the hidden mirrors and screens that mold the fine illusion. Let time pass without crisis† (p. 184). After having ‘flown’ to Mars and back with all the children onboard, Bodoni felt if his actual life’s mission has been fulfilled – after having been to ‘space’, his kids will never think that, due to their low social status, there are things in life that they could never even dream of doing. Even Bodoni’s rather unimaginative wife Maria had grown to appreciate what her husband did: â€Å"Very late in the night Bodoni opened his eyes. He sensed that his wife was lying beside him, watching him. She did not move for a very long time, and then suddenly she kissed his cheeks and his forehead. ‘What’s this?’ he cried. ‘You’re the best father in the world,’ she whispered† (p. 185). The morale of this story is: those with burning desire to fulfill their life-dreams, despite lacking financial means, represent the better part humanity, because it is namely this type of people that make scientific, cultural and social progress possible. When we compare the endings of The Veldt and The Rocket, it will appear that; whereas, Bodoniâ⠂¬â„¢s poverty was proven an asset, within the context of how his life was affected by technology, George and Lydia’s prosperity, within the same context, was proven to be the key to their ‘undoing’. Thus, just as we have stated in the thesis, the reading of Bradbury’s both stories provides us with the insight onto the fact that technology itself can never be referred to as being ‘inheritably wicked’, as decadents do.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Whereas; the utilization of 3D technology by George and Lydia in The Veldt resulted in bringing about their ultimate demise, the utilization of the same technology, on the part of Bodoni, allowed him to endow his children with an acute sense of self-respect and to strengthen the integrity of his marital relationship with Maria. This is exactly the reason why The Rocket is the last story in The Illustrated Man – apparently, Bradbury wanted to emphasize his belief in the beneficence to the mankind of just about any science-based technology. The analysis of motifs, contained in both stories, leaves very few doubts as to the full validity of his prophetic insights – just like the characters in The Veldt, today’s White people in Western countries continue to grow ever more technologically minded. However, this does not make them more ‘alive’ – unlike their ancestors, who used to bring the light of civilization to savages; they now allow these sava ges to colonize their own countries under disguise of ‘celebration of diversity’. Alternatively, the continuous utilization of technology by poor but mentally adequate people, unaffected by ideologies that derive out of bellyful idling (neo-Liberalism, New Age, etc.), as Chinese and Russians, had created a situation when it is now only the matter of very short time, before the mission of bearing the light of civilization will be given to them. In The Veldt and in The Rocket, Bradbury referred to the concept of technology in essentially the same manner that Richard Wagner referred to the concept of ‘gold’ in his operas – just as it was the case with gold in Wagnerian operas, people’s exposal to Bradbury’s ‘technology’ turns weak even weaker and strong even stronger. Therefore, it would not be an exaggeration to suggest that, besides high literary, there is also a high philosophical value to both of Bradbury’s stories. References Bradbury, Ray â€Å"The Illustrated Man†. New York: Bantam Books, 1983. Print. This essay on The relationship between decadence and technology, as explored in Ray Bradbury’s stories The Veldt and The Rocket was written and submitted by user Gabrielle M. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.